Lord Foster of Bath

The figures below show the Government’s latest published projections for the UK’s territorial emissions in 2030 in million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e), first excluding and then including emissions from International Aviation and Shipping (IAS). These estimates do not take account of future policies or those currently under development, which the Government expects will lead to lower emissions than those reported below.

2030

Terrestrial emissions excluding IAS 327

Terrestrial emissions including IAS 371

The Government publishes estimates of embedded emissions from imported goods in ‘UK and England's carbon footprint to 2021’. However, projections of these emissions are not available.

The UK’s 2030 nationally determined contribution - to reduce economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions by at least 68% on 1990s levels – is a fair and ambitious contribution to global action on climate change and is in line with the Paris agreement temperature goal. The 2030 NDC was aligned with the advice of the independent Climate Change Committee (CCC) and built on the foundations of well-established UK analysis and policy development for domestic climate change mitigation. We do not consider it necessary to implement new legislation to bring the UK's 2030 NDC into domestic law because of its alignment with the existing, legally-binding carbon budgets framework.

The UK’s 2030 and 2035 nationally determined contributions are fair and ambitious contributions to global action on climate change, in line with the Paris Agreement temperature goal. NDCs are international communications of ambition required to be communicated under the Paris Agreement, a treaty under international law. Alongside our international commitments, the UK was the first country to introduce a legally binding, long-term emissions reduction target under the Climate Change Act 2008. This framework includes the UK’s legislated 2050 net zero target, which the Climate Change Committee has confirmed is consistent with the trajectories of the UK’s 2030 and 2035 NDCs.

The fifth carbon budget was set in 2016, when the UK’s legal target was to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80% on 1990 levels. The Climate Change Act 2008 was amended in 2019 to strengthen the 2050 target to net zero. The UK's 2030 nationally determined contribution to reduce emissions by at least 68% on 1990 levels was set in 2020 to align with the trajectory to achieve net zero by 2050.

The Government will publish a report setting out its plan to meet carbon budgets in due course. This will set out the policies and proposals needed to meet Carbon Budgets 4-6 and the 2030 and 2035 NDC targets.

The Government's position is consistent with evidence from the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessments, which state that every increment of warming increases the impacts and risks of climate change, including the likelihood of triggering climate tipping points, especially above 1.5 degrees Celsius. We are already seeing the impacts of climate change globally and domestically and further warming will worsen this. This is why the Government committed to an ambitious 1.5C-aligned emissions reduction target at COP29 last month and is encouraging other countries to do the same.

The Online Safety Act (OSA) applies to search services and online platforms that allow users to interact with each other or to post content online. Under the OSA’s child safety duties, from Summer 2025, relevant services will need to conduct risk assessments and take steps to protect child users.

Gambling policy is a matter for DCMS. In addition, the Online Advertising Taskforce supports the aims of DCMS to improve transparency and accountability in the online advertising supply chain. It will deliver work to address illegal advertising and minimise children being served advertising for products and services illegal to sell to them.

The Online Safety Act (OSA) applies to search services and online platforms that allow users to interact with each other or to post content online. Under the OSA’s child safety duties, from Summer 2025, relevant services will need to conduct risk assessments and take steps to protect child users.

Gambling policy is a matter for DCMS. In addition, the Online Advertising Taskforce supports the aims of DCMS to improve transparency and accountability in the online advertising supply chain. It will deliver work to address illegal advertising and minimise children being served advertising for products and services illegal to sell to them.

The Online Safety Act (OSA) applies to search services and online platforms that allow users to interact with each other or to post content online. Under the OSA’s child safety duties, from Summer 2025, relevant services will need to conduct risk assessments and take steps to protect child users.

Gambling policy is a matter for DCMS. In addition, the Online Advertising Taskforce supports the aims of DCMS to improve transparency and accountability in the online advertising supply chain. It will deliver work to address illegal advertising and minimise children being served advertising for products and services illegal to sell to them.

The Online Safety Act (OSA) applies to search services and online platforms that allow users to interact with each other or to post content online. Under the OSA’s child safety duties, from Summer 2025, relevant services will need to conduct risk assessments and take steps to protect child users.

Gambling policy is a matter for DCMS. In addition, the Online Advertising Taskforce supports the aims of DCMS to improve transparency and accountability in the online advertising supply chain. It will deliver work to address illegal advertising and minimise children being served advertising for products and services illegal to sell to them.

We are committed to ensuring that purchases of loot boxes should not be available to children and young people unless and until they are enabled by a parent or guardian; and that all players should have access to and be aware of spending controls and transparent information to support safe and responsible gaming.

The previous Government convened a Technical Working Group (TWG) of video game developers, which produced new industry-led guidance on consumer protections, published in July 2023. The TWG has prepared a report on industry implementation of the measures, which we urge all video games companies to adopt in full. In addition, we have commissioned independent academic research to assess the effectiveness of the new guidance and will consider whether further action is required when this research is complete.

The Advertising Standards Authority and the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) are responsible for setting and enforcing the UK Advertising Codes and are independent of the government. The Department meets regularly with representatives of the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) on a range of matters. The ASA’s rulings on breaches of loot box advertising code requirements are available at: https://www.asa.org.uk/codes-and-rulings/rulings.html.

The Department has noted the World Health Organization’s recommendations around gambling advertising. We are committed to reviewing the best available evidence on the impact of gambling advertising, including around sport, from a wide range of sources in order to ensure there are robust protections in place to protect those at risk.

As I set out in my speech at the GambleAware conference on 4 December, I want to see the gambling industry further raise standards to ensure that levels of gambling advertising does not exacerbate harm. We will be monitoring this work closely.

Protecting children and young people from being harmed or exploited by gambling is a core Gambling Commission objective, and a priority for the Government. To prevent children and young people from experiencing gambling-related harm later in life, since 2020, children have been taught about the risks relating to gambling as part of the statutory Relationships, Sex and Health Education curriculum in England.

The government is introducing a statutory levy to be paid by gambling operators raising funding for research, prevention and treatment of gambling-related harms. We recognise that more may need to be done to improve the education of children and young people around the risks and harms associated with gambling. The levy will play an important part in the Government’s wider aim to have a better informed and protected public when it comes to gambling harms.

As I set out last week, I have set the gambling industry a clear task to further raise standards to ensure that levels of gambling advertising does not exacerbate harm, and this work will be monitored closely.

The Government is committed to strengthening protections to ensure that people can continue to enjoy gambling as a pastime without the harms that can ensue from harmful gambling. We are acutely aware of the impact harmful gambling can have on individuals and their families. We are committed to reviewing the best available evidence from a wide range of sources and working with all stakeholders in order to support the sector and ensure there are robust protections in place to protect those at risk.

My Department meets regularly with representatives of the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) on a range of matters.

The ASA and the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) are responsible for setting and enforcing the UK Advertising Codes and are independent of the government. The ASA’s rulings on breaches of loot box advertising code requirements are available at https://www.asa.org.uk/codes-and-rulings/rulings.html

DfT and Home Office have allocated £9m and £1.5m respectively to help enable the implementation of EES at Eurostar, Eurotunnel, and Port of Dover in a manner which minimises the risk of disruption. In addition, the Government is working closely with the relevant operators, the French and the European Commission to ensure implementation is optimised.

DfT continues to review contingency planning and traffic management in Kent in response to the additional risks to border throughput which EES poses, with additional contingency measures being planned in conjunction with Kent and Medway Resilience Forum to manage impacts to drivers and local communities in the event of any disruption.

The UK has seven gambling duties, which apply to different forms of gambling at different rates. For instance, bingo duty is charged at 10% of gross gambling yield, and Remote Gaming Duty is 21% of gross gambling yield.

No formal assessment of the UK’s taxation of the gambling sector, compared to foreign jurisdictions, has been made. Any such assessment would need to consider the varying regulatory frameworks of other countries, as well as their specific duties and rates. HM Treasury and HMRC make regular informal assessments of the UK's gambling regime in international comparison.

The Government keeps all tax avoidance risks, including UK licensed gambling companies, under review as part of routine tax compliance monitoring.

The UK has seven separate gambling duties and, in total, the gambling industry paid £3.4bn a year in duty in 2023/24.

To date, we have had no such discussions.

We permit the use of national identity cards for French schoolchildren (aged 18 and under) travelling on organised trips and waive UK visa requirements for their classmates who are visa nationals. Their responsible adults must be in possession of a fully completed and authenticated form listing the participants in the trip. French schools can access the form online from gov.uk. More information and a link to the form can be found at: Visit the UK as part of a French school trip - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)

In advance of the ETA scheme opening to applications from European nationals next year, the Government has considered the implications of the scheme on French school groups visiting the UK, and has agreed that children aged 18 and under travelling as part of a French school group will be temporarily exempted from the ETA requirement until a group solution is developed. This will allow EU, EEA and Swiss children to continue to use their identity cards on organised French school trips to the UK.

At the Leaders’ Summit in Paris on 10 March 2023, as part of an overall agreement on migration reached with France, the UK committed to ease the travel of school groups to the UK by making changes to documentary requirements for school children on organised trips from France.

No date has yet been set for the further rollout of the Electronic Travel Authorisation scheme, including to European nationals. We expect to make an announcement very shortly and will work with ports and carriers on coordinated communications to those affected.

The Home Office has engaged regularly with the European Union, the Government of France, Eurostar, Eurotunnel and the Port of Dover about the introduction of both the European Union (EU) Entry/Exit System (EES) and the UK’s Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA).

We currently expect the EU to implement EES in November. Further details will be announced shortly about the remainder of the ETA roll out, including when the scheme will apply to EU nationals. We are working with ports and carriers on coordinated communications to the travelling public.

The Home Office has engaged regularly with the European Union, the Government of France, Eurostar, Eurotunnel and the Port of Dover about the introduction of both the European Union (EU) Entry/Exit System (EES) and the UK’s Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA).

We currently expect the EU to implement EES in November. Further details will be announced shortly about the remainder of the ETA roll out, including when the scheme will apply to EU nationals. We are working with ports and carriers on coordinated communications to the travelling public.