Question to the Ministry of Defence:

To ask the Secretary of State for Defence, how much his Department spent on research on (a) hybrid propulsion and (b) power generation in the (i) 2020-21, (ii) 2021-22 and (iii) 2022-23 financial years.

Defence Science and Technology invests 1.2% of the defence budget (~£440 million) in next generation and generation after next technologies. Defence will invest over £6.6 billion in R&D over this Spending Review period.

The Ministry of Defence is unable to disclose per year breakdown of research spend due to commercial and national security sensitivities. It is also not possible to provide specific details on spend per year per technology owing to the nature of these programmes and the Department's federated approach to capability development.