Small Farms and Family Businesses

Baroness Miller of Chilthorne Domer Excerpts

Thursday 12th December 2024 Lords Chamber

[Baroness Miller of Chilthorne Domer (LD)]

My Lords, I thank the noble Earl, Lord Leicester, for bringing this debate today and enabling us to talk about these issues.

I welcome the valedictory speech of the noble Baroness, Lady Cumberlege, not because she is going but because it gives me the chance to say something about her. She has done so much for women’s health, in particular maternity care and empowering women to choose the sort of birth that they want. She then went on, among other things, to look at pelvic mesh repairs, which had not been much talked about and were affecting many women’s lives so adversely.

I first met the noble Baroness here through a shared interest in food and health, and the food and health agenda is very relevant to today’s debate. One of the biggest issues facing farmers today—I suggest that it is bigger than APR—is the state of the food system itself. Who sells what to whom, and where do the profits go at each stage of that transaction? Farmers produce good, wholesome food; how then can it end up as ultra-processed food?

The report of the Food, Diet and Obesity Committee, chaired by my noble friend Lady Walmsley, concluded that the Government should develop a

“comprehensive and integrated long-term food strategy”

to fix our broken food system. Sue Pritchard, the CEO of the Food, Farming and the Countryside Commission, said:

“There is a clear and urgent economic case for changing the UK food system … As things are, Big Food companies are profiting from developing, making and marketing unhealthy food, leaving people with too many unhealthy options—while farmers struggle to make ends meet”.


There you have it. That is why farmers are particularly struggling. It did not start with this Government.

There are things not in the power of the Government that really are affecting farmers very adversely, including extreme weather challenges—that has to be a huge one—and biosecurity incidents, as was highlighted at Question Time today. Then there are the things that the Government are responsible for, such as the tax changes. I am sure that much will be said about APR today, so I will simply say that I feel that the Government set the threshold too low, especially considering land prices.

I want to talk more about the massive increase in land values that has had such a swathe of negative effects. It is much harder to enter farming now, for example. I believe that some of the massive increases in land values should be returned to the public. The Government need to devise how to do that, rather than hit simply on family farms.

Guy Singh-Watson, who made Riverford Farm in Devon so successful, with its vegetable box scheme, made the point that he farms both in Devon and in the French Vendée. In France, the price of land is less than a 10th of its equivalent in Devon. Why is that? I spent a bit of time in France, and I have seen that you cannot just buy up land speculatively because the Government make sure that the people buying it are serious farmers and are qualified to farm. Even the local mayor has a say in that. Some noble Lords may say that there is too much control there, but it has meant that land is available for genuine farmers.