Question to the Department for Education:

To ask the Secretary of State for Education, with reference to her Department's statistics entitled LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes, published on 26 June 2025, what assessment she has made of the potential implications for her policies of differences in earning outcomes between UK-domiciled and EU-domiciled graduates.

The department reviews the latest available data and evidence on graduate earning outcomes, including differences between UK-domiciled and EU-domiciled graduates, to inform and shape policy development where appropriate. The Longitudinal Education Outcomes (LEO) Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes statistics show that in the 2022/23 financial year, EU-domiciled graduates working in the UK earned more than UK graduates on average. Higher median earnings for EU-domiciled graduates have likely been a result of the minimum salary requirements needed to obtain a UK visa.

The department is working with the Office for Students (OfS) to explore how high-cost funding can be effectively targeted towards provision which supports future skills needs and the Industrial Strategy. The LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes statistics show that employment outcomes vary by subject, but in the 2022/23 financial year employment outcomes were generally high across all subjects. Veterinary sciences had the highest proportion of graduates in sustained employment and/or further study (94.2% of graduates), and combined and general studies had the lowest proportion (80.5%).

The LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes statistics provide an estimate of the real-term change in median earnings over time, with the latest available year of data being the 2022/23 financial year. For the latest available data at five years after graduation, the statistics show that real terms earnings decreased between 2018/19 and 2022/23. For first degree graduates, real-term median earnings (in 2016/17 prices) at five years after graduation were £26,300 in 2018/19 and £25,400 in 2022/23. Real-term median earnings were rising slightly but have seen a decline in the latest two years of data.

The department reviews the latest available data and evidence on graduate employment outcomes, including the variances in outcomes between graduates and postgraduates at different stages, to inform and shape policy development where appropriate. In the Post-16 Education and Skills White Paper, the government announced its plans to work with the OfS to develop options for how we measure and compare progress in higher education, which will consider a range of data on student outcomes.

The LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes statistics reports the proportion of graduates in sustained employment but does not distinguish ‘high-skilled employment’. Graduate Outcome survey data published by the Higher Education Statistics Agency does include statistics specifically for high-skilled employment and shows that 76% of 2022/23 graduates were in high-skilled employment fifteen months after graduation. This data was published in July 2025 and can be found in Table 12 here: https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/sb272/figure-12.

The LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes statistics can be found here: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/leo-graduate-and-postgraduate-outcomes/2022-23.