Question to the Ministry of Justice:

To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, how many migrants who arrived illegally have been given legal aid funded from the public purse in the last five years; and what the cost is of that legal aid.

Answered by Sarah Sackman - Minister of State (Ministry of Justice)

The requested information is not centrally held. Where proceedings are before a court or tribunal in England or Wales, legal aid is available to individuals who qualify for services irrespective of their immigration status or method of entry into England and Wales. Method of entry to England or Wales is not relevant to eligibility for legal aid under the current rules.

Generally, applications for legal aid will be subject to an assessment of the merits of the case and the financial circumstances of the applicant.

Question to the Home Office:

To ask the Secretary of State for the Home Department, how many immigration cases have been delayed due to legal challenges under the Human Rights Act in the past five years.

Answered by Alex Norris - Minister of State (Home Office)

The information requested is not currently available from published statistics, and the relevant data could only be collated and verified for the purpose of answering this question at disproportionate cost.

Question to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government:

To ask the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government, how many foreign nationals have been granted social housing in each of the last five years.

Answered by Matthew Pennycook - Minister of State (Housing, Communities and Local Government)

My Department’s annual Social Housing Lettings in England statistical series includes data on the number of the new social housing lettings in England each year to households by the self-reported nationality of the lead tenant. It can be found on gov.uk here.

Data from 2006/07 to 2024/25 can be found in table 3e in the Social Housing Lettings in England, tenants summary tables: April 2024 to March 2025, which can be found here.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, how many onshore wind turbines have been constructed in the UK in each of the last five years; and how much funding his Department has provided for onshore wind.

Answered by Michael Shanks - Minister of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

This information is available via the Renewable Energy Planning Database.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what the projected cost is of achieving net zero by 2050, including costs to government, business and households.

Answered by Katie White - Parliamentary Under Secretary of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

Net zero is the economic and industrial opportunity of the 21st century. Since July 2024, over £60bn of private investment has been announced in our clean energy industries.

The independent CCC estimates net costs of the transition to be on average the equivalent of 0.2% of UK GDP per year, and this doesn't account for the wider growth benefits. The OBR's ‘Fiscal risks and sustainability report’ (2025) makes clear, meeting climate targets will cost less than failing to deal with climate change. Only by investing in the transition now can we reduce costs in future.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what the estimated total cost to households is of replacing gas boilers with heat pumps.

Answered by Martin McCluskey - Parliamentary Under Secretary of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

The cost to a household of replacing a gas boiler with a heat pump will depend on take-up of the available Government support, the size of the heat pump unit required and any ancillary works such as replacing radiators.

Data on voucher redemptions under the BUS is available at: BUS monthly scheme update | Ofgem

Other support schemes are available for low-income households and social housing, and for eligible homes a heat pump installation may be supported at no cost to the household.

Question to the Department for Transport:

To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, whether the Government has considered proposals to require all new cars to be fitted with clearly visible window‑breaking tools and seatbelt cutters above each window, and whether it plans to make such safety equipment a mandatory requirement for vehicle manufacturers.

Answered by Lilian Greenwood - Government Whip, Lord Commissioner of HM Treasury

The Department for Transport has commissioned research to look into whether an emergency exit tool could be added to the list of recommended emergency equipment that is contained in Rule 97 of the Highway Code.

Found: reserves” saving “around £35 billion per year”.38 In a letter to the BoE Governor, Reform UK’s Richard Tice