Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government what steps they are taking to ensure that patients at higher-risk of severe infection from infant respiratory syncytial virus, such as those with a pre-existing condition or born pre-term, are protected before winter.

In line with independent expert advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination programmes were introduced in England in September 2024 to protect infants, via maternal vaccination, and older adults at the greatest risk of harm from RSV infection. The JCVI did not provide advice on other groups, as the analysis that informed their advice looked at burden by age.

The National Health Service offers high-risk eligible infants a monoclonal antibody called palivizumab over the RSV season. Palivizumab is typically reserved for premature infants with specific major underlying medical conditions. In February 2023, the JCVI advised that existing infant risk groups eligible for RSV monoclonal antibody immunisation should preferentially be protected with nirsevimab over palivizumab. In October 2024, the committee supported work being taken forward for such a programme for all very/extremely premature infants, ideally from 2025/26. However, to date it has not been possible for the NHS to obtain a supply of nirsevimab for the programme. We are continuing to explore all options to ensure there is effective protection against severe RSV illness for this high-risk group.