Question to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government:

To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the cumulative impact (1) fire risk, (2) water use, (3) noise, and (4) landscape impacts, where an AI data centre and a battery energy storage system are proposed on the same or adjacent sites.

The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) is clear that development proposals should be appropriate for their location, taking into account the likely effects (including cumulative effects) of pollution on health, living conditions and the natural environment, whether these effects are on or off-site. Proposals should not give rise to, or contribute to, unacceptable levels of noise, water, or other forms of pollution on or beyond the site. Development proposals should also consider the environmental qualities of land proposed for development, including landscape character and the natural beauty of the countryside, and identify opportunities for those qualities to be conserved or enhanced.

Furthermore, the NPPF is also clear that development proposals should anticipate and address possible malicious threats and other hazards (whether natural or man-made) in relation to uses which could pose a potential hazard to the surrounding area. Planning Practice Guidance also encourages developers and local planning authorities to engage with their local Fire and Rescue Services early on to identify potential mitigations in the event of an incident, and have these views taken into account during determination of the application.

Similarly, data centres that are consented via the Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects regime will be bound by the relevant national planning policy and environmental protections. The Government is preparing a new National Policy Statement for data centres which, once designated, will set out the relevant national policy framework for decision-making on data centre projects that proceed through the regime.

The application of these various policies will be case-specific, and it is for decision-makers to assess in the first instance what impact an AI data centre or battery storage facility may have.