Question to the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office:

To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs, what assessment he has made of the potential implications for his policies of levels of support that (a) Russia and (b) China provide to Iran's (i) nuclear programme and (ii) military (A) in last year, (B) since 13 June 2025 and (C) over the next 12 months.

We have long been concerned about the deepening relationship between Iran and Russia. Last year, Iran's supply of ballistic missiles to Russia was a significant escalation of Iran's support for Russia's illegal war in Ukraine. Alongside partners, we responded with significant measures including sanctioning Iran Air. We are deeply concerned about Iran's nuclear escalation. We call on all parties to deescalate and pursue a diplomatic solution. We will continue to assess Russia's relationship with Iran over the next 12 months. As a signatory to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, and P5 member of the United Nations Security Council, we will continue to coordinate with China and all other stakeholders as we try to find a diplomatic path to resolve the Iran nuclear issue.