Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill (Fourth sitting)

Sean Woodcock Excerpts

Committee stage
Wednesday 29th January 2025 Public Bill Committees

[Sean Woodcock (Banbury) (Lab)]

Q My question is to Dr Griffiths and Chelsea. We have had almost two days of evidence. Yesterday afternoon, we had practitioners from the States and, this morning, we had practitioners from Australia. The message they gave seemed to be very clear that coercion essentially does not happen in voluntary assisted dying. The message also was that those who went through it were people who wanted to—it was very appropriate for them and there were almost no issues. Can you explain why they are wrong, if you believe they are?

Dr Griffiths: That goes back to my previous point around how coercion can manifest in various different ways. One can be exposed to the societal pressure to feel that your life is no longer tolerable because of the struggles that you have in terms of accessing services, provision and support. We know from data that we have people in the community who are struggling to see their GPs or consultants associated with their conditions and changes in their conditions. The coercion, I feel, will come from how society is organised, and does not respond to the injustices faced by disabled people.

Also, there is a broader, slightly different issue, which is that there is nothing in the Bill, in my view, that satisfies the concern that—if it were to pass—you would create a network of practitioners who are sympathetic to the principles of assisted dying, and therefore, when somebody comes forward to say, “I want to die”, they will be more receptive to those ideas that the individual has. They will therefore facilitate their process through that, which I think undermines any attempts to have objective scrutiny of coercion that may occur. There is nothing that stops you from saying, “I know that there are these certain people I can go to who have either been public or have supported others to have access to this service. Therefore, that is my best chance of gaining access.” That then collapses all attempts to address issues of coercion.

Chelsea Roff: To add to what Miro is saying, we have seen in our study a more subtle form of influence, and sometimes it actually comes, tragically, from the clinicians themselves. We saw 95% of clinicians tell the patient and their family that they had an incurable, irremediable illness with a prognosis of six months or less in some cases. That has an influence on a person and does not cohere with the evidence on eating disorder recovery— in fact, we have no good ways of making prognosis in eating disorders. The only good prognostic indicator we have is weight restoration.

I would also highlight—relevant to here, where we live —that the all-party parliamentary group on eating disorders just put out a brilliant report on huge gaps in the care system. I am working with a person and a family right now, who has been to the Court of Protection, whose eating disorder team presented her and used the term “not treatable” to the judge, as well as the term “in the end stage of her illness”, and predicted that she would die within six months. Eighteen months later, she and her family are still fighting for treatment and are being denied services. That is the kind of coercion I am worried about, which happens within a healthcare system that I know many of you were elected to fix. That is what so many people have called for—to fix a broken NHS. That is not my choice in terminology—I love the NHS, but I think that is what we need to be worried about.

Clause 4(4) especially to me reads like a formula for coercion. A physician could say to a young woman with an eating disorder, “You have a severe and enduring eating disorder”, which you will not find in any diagnostic text, but is used frequently in these cases and in the Court of Protection. They could say, “We have done all we can. The treatment options are exhausted”—again, you will find that in the Court of Protection—and, “Your prognosis is poor”. It leaves you with a feeling that you have nothing left to choose from, especially if you are struggling to access services.

[The Chair]

I mean no discourtesy to the Committee, but we have 20 minutes, and 10 Members wishing to ask questions, so we have to move this on I am afraid.