The Government’s definition of extremism, updated in March 2024, describes it as “the promotion or advancement of an ideology based on violence, hatred or intolerance that aims to (1) negate or destroy the fundamental rights and freedoms of others; (2) undermine, overturn or replace the UK’s system of liberal parliamentary democracy and democratic rights; or intentionally create a permissive environment for others to achieve the results in (1) or (2).”

Extremism poses a significant threat to community safety and national security. While not all those with extremist beliefs commit violence, they can result in radicalisation, denial of rights and opportunities, suppression of freedom of expression, incitement of hatred, erosion of democratic institutions, and acts of terrorism. The inquiry will examine how different parts of government and different policies are addressing these complex and inter-related dangers.  

In an increasingly digital world, several countries have begun to develop digital ID systems to support functions like identification, proof of residence and facilitating access to government services.

There have been calls for the UK to adopt digital ID, with those arguing for its introduction saying it would have benefits like improving citizens’ access to services and supporting more effective enforcement of immigration rules.

The Government has already taken steps to introduce some digital forms of ID. For example, the Home Office has introduced eVisas, while the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology is leading the introduction of digital driver’s licences.

This inquiry will examine what benefits the introduction of new digital forms of ID could bring for reducing crime and managing migration. It will explore concerns about privacy and security as well as the practical challenges to realising the potential benefits of digital ID.