Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what (a) subsidies, (b) grants, (c) contracts for difference payments, and (d) other support mechanisms have been provided for renewable generation since 2010; and what the cumulative cost to taxpayers has been.

Answered by Michael Shanks - Minister of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

For a breakdown of billpayer funding see:

1. Feed-in Tariffs Annual Report: Scheme Year 15 April 2024 to March 2025 - Ofgem
2. Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2026 - Office for Budget Responsibility

To note: These billpayer funded levy figures are not equivalent to net impacts on bill payers, as renewable deployment has also suppressed wholesale prices over this period.

Question to the Department for Transport:

To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, what estimate she has made of the costs to motorists arising from (a) emissions compliance costs, (b) electric vehicle transition policies and (c) other net zero transport policies.

Answered by Keir Mather - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Transport)

The cost-benefit analysis for the Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Mandate and CO2 regulations estimated the net value to society of the regulations. This was estimated at a benefit of £39 billion (2021 prices) over the full appraisal period, between 2021 and 2071.

This includes all benefits and costs and covers the transition of cars up to 80% of all new cars to ZEV and 70% of new vans to ZEV from 2030 (and on an ongoing basis). Using figures reported across the cost benefit analysis (CBA) to estimate the net impact, households and business are estimated to save roughly £14 billion (2021 prices) from 2021 to 2071, accounting for increased upfront vehicle cost (£27 billion) and infrastructure costs (£13 billion), which is more than offset by lower fuel (£39 billion) and maintenance costs (£15 billion).

The CBA can be found here: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6554be55544aea000dfb2d59/zev-mandate-consultation-final-cost-benefit-analysis.pdf.

Regarding other road transport policies, the Department for Transport (DfT) estimates the cost of supplying low carbon fuels through the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) each year. The latest estimate is c. £2 billion for 2023. This supported the delivery of c. 4 billion litres of low carbon fuels and saved c. 8 million tonnes of CO2e emissions. The latest RTFO costs and scheme outcomes can be found here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/renewable-transport-fuel-obligation-annual-report-2023.

The 2024 annual report is expected to be published shortly.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what estimate he has made of the contribution of net zero-related costs to the retail price per litre of (a) petrol and (b) diesel.

Answered by Martin McCluskey - Parliamentary Under Secretary of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

There are no dedicated Net Zero levies on petrol or diesel in the UK.

The cost of fuel is influenced by a range of factors. As oil is a globally traded commodity, disruptions or uncertainty in any region can influence prices in the UK until global markets stabilise.

Nonetheless, we have taken several measures to protect drivers. The Chancellor has frozen fuel duty since this Government came to office, extending the 5p fuel duty cut until September. We have also implemented Fuel Finder, which my Department’s analysis suggests could save households that own a car around £40 per year on average.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what estimate she has made of the proportion of (a) fuel duty, (b) VAT on fuel, and (c) other motoring taxes that is attributable (i) directly and (ii) indirectly to net zero-related policies.

Answered by Dan Tomlinson - Exchequer Secretary (HM Treasury)

Motoring taxes and VAT are primarily intended to raise revenue, which helps to fund vital public services and infrastructure, including investment in roads and transport.

However, some fuel and motoring taxes have secondary objectives or environmental effects, such Vehicle Excise Duty (VED), where different rates apply to cars, vans, and motorcycles, and the rate for each vehicle is calculated according to a range of factors, such as its date of first registration, weight, or CO2 emissions. The government considers the environmental impacts, including emissions, when making changes motoring taxes. More broadly, the government keeps motoring taxes under review as part of its approach to supporting the transition to net zero while maintaining a stable tax base and annually reviews the rates and thresholds of taxes and reliefs to ensure that they are appropriate.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what estimate he has made of the cost of balancing payments, constraint payments and grid reinforcement associated with intermittent renewable generation.

Answered by Michael Shanks - Minister of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

Historical data on constraint and balancing costs is held and published by the National Energy System Operator (NESO). This data is disseminated primarily through NESO’s Annual Balancing Cost Report (with supporting data), which also includes projections of these costs out to 2035 under a range of scenarios.

Ofgem anticipates that over £70bn of investment in GB's electricity transmission networks may be required between 2026-2031 as part of their RIIO-ET3 price control (the third electricity transmission price control under their Revenues, Incentives, Innovation and Outputs framework). This investment is not only required to achieve the government's clean power target but is also essential to maintain a reliable electricity system and to deliver economic growth. This investment pays for itself over the period by enabling more low carbon energy onto the system and by reducing system constraints.

Question to the Department for Energy Security & Net Zero:

To ask the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero, what estimate he has made of the cost to households of environmental and social obligation policy costs included in (a) electricity and (b) gas bills in each of the last 10 years.

Answered by Martin McCluskey - Parliamentary Under Secretary of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)

Policy costs on bills over the last 10 years have been published on Ofgem’s website: Ofgem’s Default Tariff Cap data (‘Final levelized cap rates model (Annex 9)’, tab: 1c Consumption adjusted levels, row 42). A key priority of the Government is to tackle Britain’s affordability crisis: the Government is acting to bring bills down now and over the long term through the transition to clean, home-grown power, and will continue to explore ways to both lower energy bills for consumers and reduce barriers for consumers to adopt clean technologies.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what her planned timetable is for the implementation of (a) the proposed changes to lender reporting practices to Credit Reference Agencies to mitigate the impact of coerced debt on credit files and (b) the other Financial Inclusion Strategy measures relating to victim-survivors of economic abuse.

Answered by Rachel Blake - Economic Secretary (HM Treasury)

The Government published its Financial Inclusion Strategy last year, which sets out an ambitious programme of measures for Government and the financial services sector to improve financial inclusion. The overall Strategy will be reviewed two years from publication to provide an update on the implementation of specific interventions.

The Strategy considers economic abuse as a key theme across the different areas and seeks to support victim-survivors and help them to regain financial independence through industry interventions to increase access to banking services and inform the insurance sector’s approach to economic abuse.

Credit reference agencies, lenders, the expert charity, Surviving Economic Abuse, and wider consumer representatives, are also working closely to develop an approach which improves the impact of coerced debt on victim-survivors’ credit files. This is a complex area with ongoing work needed to ensure any change to the data on a credit file does not negatively affect victim-survivors’ ability to secure credit in future and that they are able to confirm that it is safe for their provider to make changes. Positive progress is being made with updates to follow in due course.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what estimate she has made of the total annual value of (a) direct and (b) indirect taxpayer-funded subsidies supporting net zero policies and programmes, broken down by scheme.

Answered by Lucy Rigby - Chief Secretary to the Treasury

Tax reliefs for net zero policies and programmes can be found in the ‘estimated cost of tax reliefs’ document here: Tax reliefs - GOV.UK. To support net zero, government has allocated £65bn in capital spending to clean energy, climate and nature including nuclear across 2025/26 to 2029/30- an average of £16bn a year.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what estimate she has made of the fiscal cost to the Exchequer of (a) subsidies and (b) tax incentives relating to (i) electric vehicles, (ii) heat pumps, (iii) home retrofit schemes and (iv) decarbonisation grants.

Answered by Lucy Rigby - Chief Secretary to the Treasury

HM Revenue and Customs publishes annual statistics on the cost of tax relief and expenditures. This information is available through the following link: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/tax-relief-statistics.

The Warm Homes Plan commits £15 billion of public investment over this Parliament to support the heat pump roll-out, retrofit for low-income households, and wider home decarbonisation measures.

The Government remains firmly committed to the Electric Vehicle (EV) transition, and we are investing over £7.5 billion out to 2035 to help drivers and the automotive sector make the switch.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what estimate she has made of the total public expenditure committed to achieving net zero by 2050, including projected liabilities, broken down by year and department.

Answered by Lucy Rigby - Chief Secretary to the Treasury

The government has allocated £65bn in capital spending to clean energy, climate and nature including nuclear across 2025-26 to 2029-30. This is an average of £16bn a year, mainly across the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, Department for Transport, and the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs.

Question to the HM Treasury:

To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, what total revenue accrued to the Exchequer from (a) the UK Emissions Trading Scheme, (b) carbon taxes, (c) related environmental levies and (d) other carbon pricing mechanisms, in the latest year for which figures are available.

Answered by Lucy Rigby - Chief Secretary to the Treasury

2024-25 receipts for the UK Emissions Trading Scheme, Carbon Price Support, Climate Change Levy, and relevant environmental taxes (including Aggregates Levy, Landfill Tax, Plastic Packaging Tax and Packaging Extended Producer Responsibility) can be found at Annex A of the Office for Budget Responsibility’s March 2026 Economic and Fiscal Outlook.

Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what assessment he has made of the implications for his Department's policies of the report by Women’s Policy Centre titled ‘The Case for a Universal Ban on Surrogacy’, dated April 2026.

Answered by Karin Smyth - Minister of State (Department of Health and Social Care)

The Government supports surrogacy as a part of assisted conception options and recognises the important part it can play in supporting people seeking to start a family. The Department has published guidance on the care of surrogates and intended parents in surrogate births, which is available at the following link:

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/having-a-child-through-surrogacy/care-in-surrogacy-guidance-for-the-care-of-surrogates-and-intended-parents-in-surrogate-births-in-england-and-wales

The Government has not undertaken a formal assessment of the implications of the report by Women’s Policy Centre, The Case for a Universal Ban on Surrogacy.

157th Balmoral Show and Northern Ireland agriculture

Ballygowan Pipe Band 80th anniversary

Global innovation and life saving equipment from Northern Ireland

40th anniversary of AGEnda

75th Anniversary of the Strangford Lough Wildfowlers and Conservation Association

North Down Premier League and Glastry College Year 8

Fiftieth anniversary of first Northern Ireland female police officer murdered

National Epilepsy Week

70th anniversary of the Ards Community Hospital Ladies Committee

Centenary of Carrowdore and Ballyfrenis Presbyterian Church

70th anniversary of Millisle and Ballycopeland Presbyterian Church Girls’ Brigade

Eakin Healthcare's commitment to environment and high quality medical devices.

Cervical screening

Conviction for speech within a safe access zone

Found: 2023 indicating that he was giving serious consideration to the appointment of an interlocutor, Carla Lockhart