Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill

Baroness Monckton of Dallington Forest Excerpts

2nd reading
Friday 12th September 2025 Lords Chamber

[Baroness Monckton of Dallington Forest (Con)]

My Lords, I declare my interests as chair of Team Domenica and patron of the Acorns Children’s Hospice.

In 2018, along with two other mothers of young adults with learning disabilities, I took a test case to the High Court to challenge the way in which the Mental Capacity Act was being interpreted for this cohort. Essentially, it meant that authorities had no obligation to consult us as parents on so-called “best interests” decisions for our children, because they were chronologically adults and therefore, in the eyes of the law, deemed to have capacity. The High Court judgment, although sympathetic to our case, did not radically change anything, and it is still extremely difficulty for parents to become welfare deputies of their own children.

I recall this to draw your Lordships’ attention to a particularly disturbing aspect of this Bill. Someone such as my daughter, who has Down’s syndrome, could be advised by a doctor whom she may never have met that she should consider that it would be best to have her life ended because she was deemed to have a terminal condition. Not only that, but the Bill specifically excludes any obligation to discuss this with us, her parents, or other family members. I can only imagine the fear and terror that would go through my daughter, and a total lack of comprehension. Yes, she is capable of making decisions on what to wear, what to eat and what to watch on Netflix, but when it comes to something more abstract she is, at best, extremely confused. Also, like many with Down’s syndrome, she is highly suggestible; she is anxious to please those whom she perceives to be in authority. I can clearly see where the danger lies.

It is regrettable that the other place did not find the time to discuss the amendment tabled by my right honourable friend Damian Hinds, which would have excluded any person with a learning disability from initial discussions about being given a fatal dose unless they themselves had raised it. I do not mean to cast aspersions on the medical profession—we have wonderful examples of it in this House—but there is a tendency within it to regard those living with learning disabilities as suffering. We saw that clearly in Covid with the “Do not resuscitate” notices at the end of their hospital beds. People with Down’s syndrome, for example, do not suffer; they do not have a disease.

Nor do I question the good intentions or compassion of those who have promoted this legislation, but I was startled to see in a pamphlet circulated to all Members of this House by the campaigning organisation My Death, My Decision a paragraph urging us not to contemplate any amendment that would “encourage interference from family members”. What a strange view that is to have of the very nature of what a family is. I shall certainly be putting down such an amendment.

I urge the House to consider, when voting on this Bill, the most vulnerable among us. A coalition of more than 350 disability organisations have expressed their opposition to this Bill. For parents who have spent lifetimes fighting for their children to have now to worry about them being disposed of by lethal potions is inhuman and devastatingly cruel.

Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill

Baroness Monckton of Dallington Forest Excerpts

Committee stage
Friday 14th November 2025 Lords Chamber

[Baroness Monckton of Dallington Forest (Con)]

My Lords, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 assumes capacity until proved otherwise. However, many people with learning disabilities have neither the ability nor the capacity to make life-changing or even death-making decisions. Under the Bill, because they are chronologically adults, they are not permitted to have anybody with them when the subject of assisted suicide is raised. This is something I will be discussing later in Committee.

[Baroness Hollins (CB)]

My Lords, I am glad to be able to follow the noble Baroness, Lady Monckton. I declare my interests as a past president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and I have a parliamentary scholar, a psychiatry trainee who is appointed by the Royal College of Psychiatrists to work one day a week with me. I was a member of the post-legislative scrutiny committee on the Mental Capacity Act. I also founded and chair a visual literacy charity called Books Beyond Words, which is relevant in a way.

I was listening to the noble Baroness, Lady Lawlor, speak about communication. It reminded me that 18% of the adult population in this country are functionally illiterate. This is really important when we think about making decisions of such importance. I have an amendment later proposing a different framework for assessing capacity, and I will obviously talk about that then, but I want to reflect on how the charity Beyond Words creates really difficult stories in pictures, without any words, to try to help people who struggle with words to understand and make decisions about such things as the care and the treatment that they might require. We currently have about 80 stories, all about the whole story that people can discuss with their peers, their healthcare professionals and their families, to help them to understand an issue, so that they will not be left out but will truly understand. It is very easy to think that somebody understands when you have explained something in words, in simple words, and that the person is compliant with it, but when you explain in pictures and enable the person to say what they have read in their own words, then you get an idea of whether they have understood.

I have been trying to think about how I would be able to create a story in pictures to explain this Bill. It would be several stories. It would take an awfully long time and an awful lot of work to be able to do it. I just wanted to respond to what the noble Baroness, Lady Lawlor, said; I thought it was very important.