Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government, in the light of the King’s College London report Learning from lives and deaths: people with a learning disability and autistic people, published in September, what steps they are taking to ensure that the impact on people with learning disabilities is considered when the policy for vaccine eligibility is decided this year, including when initially making the decision to accept JCVI recommendations.

Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)

The Government is committed to protecting those most vulnerable to COVID-19 through vaccination, as guided by the independent Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). The primary aim of the national COVID-19 vaccination programme remains the prevention of serious illness, resulting in hospitalisations and deaths, arising from COVID-19.

The JCVI has advised that population immunity to COVID-19 has been increasing due to a combination of naturally acquired immunity following recovery from infection and vaccine-derived immunity. COVID-19 is now a relatively mild disease for most people, though it can still be unpleasant, with rates of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19 having reduced significantly since COVID-19 first emerged.

The focus of the JCVI advised programme has therefore moved towards targeted vaccination of the two groups who continue to be at higher risk of serious disease and mortality. These are the oldest adults and individuals who are immunosuppressed. The JCVI’s full advice for autumn 2025 is available on the GOV.UK website, in an online only format. The Government has accepted the JCVI’s advice for autumn 2025 and in line with the advice a COVID-19 vaccination is being offered to the following groups in autumn 2025:

• adults aged 75 years old and over;
• residents in care homes for older adults; and
• individuals aged six months and over who are immunosuppressed.

As with other United Kingdom vaccination programmes, the JCVI’s advice on eligibility carefully considered the evidence on the risk of illness, serious disease, or death as a consequence of infection, in specific groups, as well as a cost-effectiveness analysis. The JCVI has engaged a number of organisations representing adults with learning disabilities to discuss the COVID-19 vaccine eligibility criteria.

The most recent Learning from Lives and Deaths: People with a Learning Disability and Autistic People Annual Report, based on 2023 data and published in September 2025, highlights how COVID-19 has fallen significantly as a cause of death in people with learning disabilities since the pandemic in 2021. Although it is important to caveat that the data in this report may not be complete for 2023 due to data collection issues, the trend observed provides reassurance that the risk of severe COVID-19 is much lower now than previously, including for people with a learning disability and autistic people.

As for all vaccines, the JCVI keeps the evidence under regular review.

Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the impact of removing eligibility for the COVID-19 booster vaccine on people with learning disabilities.

Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)

The Government is committed to protecting those most vulnerable to COVID-19 through vaccination, as guided by the independent Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). The primary aim of the national COVID-19 vaccination programme remains the prevention of serious illness, resulting in hospitalisations and deaths, arising from COVID-19.

The JCVI has advised that population immunity to COVID-19 has been increasing due to a combination of naturally acquired immunity following recovery from infection and vaccine-derived immunity. COVID-19 is now a relatively mild disease for most people, though it can still be unpleasant, with rates of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19 having reduced significantly since COVID-19 first emerged.

The focus of the JCVI advised programme has therefore moved towards targeted vaccination of the two groups who continue to be at higher risk of serious disease and mortality. These are the oldest adults and individuals who are immunosuppressed. The JCVI’s full advice for autumn 2025 is available on the GOV.UK website, in an online only format. The Government has accepted the JCVI’s advice for autumn 2025 and in line with the advice a COVID-19 vaccination is being offered to the following groups in autumn 2025:

• adults aged 75 years old and over;
• residents in care homes for older adults; and
• individuals aged six months and over who are immunosuppressed.

As with other United Kingdom vaccination programmes, the JCVI’s advice on eligibility carefully considered the evidence on the risk of illness, serious disease, or death as a consequence of infection, in specific groups, as well as a cost-effectiveness analysis. The JCVI has engaged a number of organisations representing adults with learning disabilities to discuss the COVID-19 vaccine eligibility criteria.

The most recent Learning from Lives and Deaths: People with a Learning Disability and Autistic People Annual Report, based on 2023 data and published in September 2025, highlights how COVID-19 has fallen significantly as a cause of death in people with learning disabilities since the pandemic in 2021. Although it is important to caveat that the data in this report may not be complete for 2023 due to data collection issues, the trend observed provides reassurance that the risk of severe COVID-19 is much lower now than previously, including for people with a learning disability and autistic people.

As for all vaccines, the JCVI keeps the evidence under regular review.

Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of the current level of risk from COVID-19 to people with learning disabilities.

Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)

The Government is committed to protecting those most vulnerable to COVID-19 through vaccination, as guided by the independent Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). The primary aim of the national COVID-19 vaccination programme remains the prevention of serious illness, resulting in hospitalisations and deaths, arising from COVID-19.

The JCVI has advised that population immunity to COVID-19 has been increasing due to a combination of naturally acquired immunity following recovery from infection and vaccine-derived immunity. COVID-19 is now a relatively mild disease for most people, though it can still be unpleasant, with rates of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19 having reduced significantly since COVID-19 first emerged.

The focus of the JCVI advised programme has therefore moved towards targeted vaccination of the two groups who continue to be at higher risk of serious disease and mortality. These are the oldest adults and individuals who are immunosuppressed. The JCVI’s full advice for autumn 2025 is available on the GOV.UK website, in an online only format. The Government has accepted the JCVI’s advice for autumn 2025 and in line with the advice a COVID-19 vaccination is being offered to the following groups in autumn 2025:

• adults aged 75 years old and over;
• residents in care homes for older adults; and
• individuals aged six months and over who are immunosuppressed.

As with other United Kingdom vaccination programmes, the JCVI’s advice on eligibility carefully considered the evidence on the risk of illness, serious disease, or death as a consequence of infection, in specific groups, as well as a cost-effectiveness analysis. The JCVI has engaged a number of organisations representing adults with learning disabilities to discuss the COVID-19 vaccine eligibility criteria.

The most recent Learning from Lives and Deaths: People with a Learning Disability and Autistic People Annual Report, based on 2023 data and published in September 2025, highlights how COVID-19 has fallen significantly as a cause of death in people with learning disabilities since the pandemic in 2021. Although it is important to caveat that the data in this report may not be complete for 2023 due to data collection issues, the trend observed provides reassurance that the risk of severe COVID-19 is much lower now than previously, including for people with a learning disability and autistic people.

As for all vaccines, the JCVI keeps the evidence under regular review.

Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of (1) the extent, and (2) the quality, of specialist palliative care commissioning of (a) in-patient beds, (b) community support teams, (c) hospital support teams, and (d) 24/7 advice.

Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)

Palliative care services are included in the list of services an integrated care board (ICB) must commission. This promotes a more consistent national approach and supports commissioners in prioritising palliative care and end of life care. To support ICBs in this duty, NHS England has published statutory guidance and service specifications.

As set out in that guidance, this could be through universal services, for example general practitioners and community nursing services, or via specialist services where appropriate. However, not all patients will require specialist palliative or end of life care.

This guidance also makes specific reference to commissioners defining how their services will meet population needs 24/7 and includes a priority action for ensuring that staff, patients, and carers can access the care and advice they need, whatever time of day.

NHS England has developed a palliative care and end of life care dashboard, which brings together all relevant local data in one place. The dashboard helps commissioners understand the palliative care and end of life care needs of their local population.

Additionally, NHS England has a legal duty to annually assess the performance of each ICB in respect of each financial year and to publish a summary of its findings. This assessment must assess how well the ICB has discharged its functions.

Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:

To ask His Majesty's Government whether any civil servants are working on the implementation of the Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill beyond the work necessary to improve the workability of the legislative drafting.

Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)

The function of the team working within the Department is to fulfil the Government’s duty to the statute book, with regard to the legal and technical coherence of the bill.

Matters of policy have remained solely for the sponsoring members, the Hon. Member Kim Leadbeater in the Commons and the Rt Hon. Lord Falconer of Thoroton in the Lords, to determine.

None of this work to date has been done with the objective of implementing assisting dying. Should the bill gain Royal Assent, this work would form the basis of an implementation programme.

Question to the Ministry of Defence:

To ask His Majesty's Government whether the Independent Medical Expert Group has been tasked to study a potential causal link between chemical exposure and cancer incidence in Explosive Ordnance Disposal personnel; and, if so, what is the timetable for its report.

Answered by Lord Coaker - Minister of State (Ministry of Defence)

The topic of a causal link between chemical exposure and cancer incidence in Explosive Ordnance Disposal personnel was referred to the Independent Medical Expert Group (IMEG) in June 2025. The IMEG is actively considering the matter and no date has yet been set for the publication of their report.

Question to the Ministry of Defence:

To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made about whether there is a causal link between chemical exposure and cancer incidence in Explosive Ordnance Disposal personnel.

Answered by Lord Coaker - Minister of State (Ministry of Defence)

Ministry of Defence (MOD) officials reviewed with interest the March 2025 British Journal of Urology International research letter on a potentially increased risk of bladder cancer in military personnel exposed to explosive ordnance. MOD referred this matter to the Independent Medical Expert Group (IMEG) for their independent medical advice. The possible link between exposure to explosives and an increased risk of bladder cancer among military personnel was discussed by the IMEG at their June 2025 meeting. This matter now forms part of their current work plan. This is a complex issue on which we await their advice.

Found: Letter from Lord Katz to Lord Harper regarding the provision of translation and interpretation services

Found: Letter dated 10/11/2025 from Lord Hanson of Flint to Lord Harper regarding to what extent internet service