Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport:
To ask His Majesty's Government whether they plan to publish an open data policy requiring national museums and galleries to make high-resolution images of public domain artworks freely available for non-commercial use; and if so, what definitions they will use for (1) high resolution, and (2) non-commercial.
Answered by Baroness Twycross - Baroness in Waiting (HM Household) (Whip)
The DCMS-sponsored museums take their responsibilities to extend engagement with their Collections seriously. As Arm’s Length Bodies national museums operate independently and are responsible for developing their own policies, including around the provision of images, and for taking appropriate commercial and legal advice. Policies can be found on the respective websites and image licensing portals of the museums, many of which provide users with the ability to view high resolution images.
The government strongly supports efforts to expand the reach and impact of the national museums, including digitally, while also recognising and encouraging efforts to balance this against the need to raise private income. Government-backed digitisation projects and investment in Collections databases since the Covid pandemic have resulted in marked increases in the accessibility of Collections records. The wider museums sector, whilst not directly funded by the department, is also making progress in increasing digital access to Collections, with the support of organisations and initiatives such as Art UK, the Museum Data Service, and the AHRC-funded Towards a National Collection research project.
The department is working with the national museums to understand the extent and pace of further planned digitisation work, alongside opportunities provided by new work to establish a Creative Content Exchange, to ensure we are both maximising public access to culture, and positioning our cultural organisations to engage fruitfully with the AI revolution underway.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport:
To ask His Majesty's Government which national museums and galleries claim copyright in their digital reproductions of two-dimensional original artworks that are in the public domain.
Answered by Baroness Twycross - Baroness in Waiting (HM Household) (Whip)
The DCMS-sponsored museums take their responsibilities to extend engagement with their Collections seriously. As Arm’s Length Bodies national museums operate independently and are responsible for developing their own policies, including around the provision of images, and for taking appropriate commercial and legal advice. Policies can be found on the respective websites and image licensing portals of the museums, many of which provide users with the ability to view high resolution images.
The government strongly supports efforts to expand the reach and impact of the national museums, including digitally, while also recognising and encouraging efforts to balance this against the need to raise private income. Government-backed digitisation projects and investment in Collections databases since the Covid pandemic have resulted in marked increases in the accessibility of Collections records. The wider museums sector, whilst not directly funded by the department, is also making progress in increasing digital access to Collections, with the support of organisations and initiatives such as Art UK, the Museum Data Service, and the AHRC-funded Towards a National Collection research project.
The department is working with the national museums to understand the extent and pace of further planned digitisation work, alongside opportunities provided by new work to establish a Creative Content Exchange, to ensure we are both maximising public access to culture, and positioning our cultural organisations to engage fruitfully with the AI revolution underway.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Science, Innovation & Technology:
To ask His Majesty's Government what guidance they provide to national museums and galleries about the copyright status of exact digital reproductions of two-dimensional artworks that are in the public domain.
Answered by Lord Vallance of Balham - Minister of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)
According to case law, a work will only be protected by copyright if it is original, in the sense that is the author’s ‘own intellectual creation’. It is questionable whether an unaltered reproduction of an existing work where copyright has expired could satisfy this criterion if there has been no (or very limited) scope for the creator to exercise free creative choices. However, this will depend on the individual facts of the case.
Further guidance is published on GOV.UK in an Intellectual Property Office copyright notice on digital images, photographs and the internet.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Science, Innovation & Technology:
To ask His Majesty's Government what assessment they have made of how national museums and galleries treat the copyright status of exact digital reproductions of two-dimensional artworks that are in the public domain.
Answered by Lord Vallance of Balham - Minister of State (Department for Energy Security and Net Zero)
According to case law, a work will only be protected by copyright if it is original, in the sense that is the author’s ‘own intellectual creation’. It is questionable whether an unaltered reproduction of an existing work where copyright has expired could satisfy this criterion if there has been no (or very limited) scope for the creator to exercise free creative choices. However, this will depend on the individual facts of the case.
The Government has made no assessment of how cultural heritage institutions treat the copyright status of such reproductions in practice.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:
To ask His Majesty's Government whether they plan to consult with allergy charities, consumer groups, and the food industry on introducing mandatory front-of-pack labelling to alert consumers when a new allergen has been added to a product, and on setting a minimum period of time for which such notices should remain visible.
Answered by Baroness Hayman of Ullock - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)
The UK maintains high standards on the information that is provided on food labels so that consumers can have confidence in the food that they buy.
For prepacked food, a range of mandatory information must be provided, and this includes a complete list of ingredients. If a prepacked food contains one of the 14 major allergens as an ingredient then this must be emphasised in the ingredients list so that it clearly stands out from the other ingredients.
Food businesses should provide a straightforward means for consumers to contact them (e.g., telephone, or email), on the product label or on their website, about any food allergen labelling changes. Consumers should receive meaningful and accurate responses, explaining the reason for any allergen labelling changes.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs:
To ask His Majesty's Government whether it is a legal requirement for food manufacturers to indicate clearly on the front of packaging, and for a specified period of time, when an allergen previously labelled as "may contain" is subsequently relabelled an ingredient; and what plans they have to introduce clearer legal requirements in this area.
Answered by Baroness Hayman of Ullock - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs)
The UK maintains high standards on the information that is provided on food labels so that consumers can have confidence in the food that they buy.
For prepacked food, a range of mandatory information must be provided, and this includes a complete list of ingredients. Additionally, if a prepacked food contains one of the 14 major allergens as an ingredient then this must be emphasised in the ingredients list so that it clearly stands out from the other ingredients.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport:
To ask His Majesty's Government whether they will allow high-resolution images of works of art that are in the Government Art Collection and in the public domain to be downloaded free of charge for non-commercial use.
Answered by Baroness Twycross - Baroness in Waiting (HM Household) (Whip)
The Government Art Collection (GAC) does not assert Crown Copyright over images of 2D original artworks in the Collection, where the image has been taken by its employees (i.e. Civil Servants). This is a recent change in approach to copyright assertion, with all affected documentation in the process of being updated.
GAC continues to license images for commercial and non-commercial use through a contractual agreement.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport:
To ask His Majesty's Government whether the Government Art Collection claims copyright in their digital reproductions of two-dimensional original artworks that are in the public domain.
Answered by Baroness Twycross - Baroness in Waiting (HM Household) (Whip)
The Government Art Collection (GAC) does not assert Crown Copyright over images of 2D original artworks in the Collection, where the image has been taken by its employees (i.e. Civil Servants). This is a recent change in approach to copyright assertion, with all affected documentation in the process of being updated.
GAC continues to license images for commercial and non-commercial use through a contractual agreement.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:
To ask His Majesty's Government what proportion of the £500 million allocated to the Health Data Research Service will be directed specifically towards addressing health inequalities in deprived communities.
Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)
On 7 April 2025, the Prime Minister announced that the Government and the Wellcome Trust will invest up to £600 million to create a new Health Data Research Service, co-designed through engagement with the public and patients, data users, and stakeholder organisations. This service will bring new treatments and cures to patients by safely enabling the use of patient data to super-charge research, attracting investment and making the United Kingdom one of the best places in the world to conduct ground-breaking medical research.
This groundbreaking initiative will deliver significant health benefits to the UK public and patients across the full spectrum of existing health research, including major public health challenges and diseases such as obesity, cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, which we know disproportionately shorten the lives of people in more deprived communities. The service will be designed to support people to get access to clinical trials and outputs from research faster, and the DigiTrials service supports researchers to recruit people to their trials who represent our diverse population.
At the heart of the Health Data Research Service (HDRS) is a national network of Secure Data Environments, built on the existing NHS Research Secure Data Environment Network, which have been developed in lockstep with their local communities, and which cover the whole of England. The HDRS will bring services together to support fast and secure access to data for researchers, but there is no intention to move existing data assets which sit in various organisations across the nation and require expertise to process, gather, and use, and work will continue with communities to ensure that the service continues to develop with patient and public trust at its heart. We will also be closely working with the devolved administrations to ensure this is a UK wide service, and with the relevant charities to ensure that people from all backgrounds are represented.
We are committed to designing the service in close partnership with patients, professionals, and the public to deliver a trusted service, providing safe and secure access to health, social care, and public data, and to ensure that the research enables the improvement of local service provision and preventative health measures. Detailed design work for this will begin once we have a Chief Executive Officer in place.
NHS England and the Department are running a major national engagement programme on data with over 4,000 people across England. The initial findings and recommendations from the public are already informing our approach and will continue to shape the design and governance of the HDRS. This will support everyone, from medical researchers to health charities, to develop evidence-based solutions to major public health challenges.
Asked by: Lord Freyberg (Crossbench - Excepted Hereditary)
Question to the Department of Health and Social Care:
To ask Her Majesty's Government what safeguards will be put in place to ensure that the health data of people living in deprived communities will be used for the improvement of local service provisions and preventative health measures.
Answered by Baroness Merron - Parliamentary Under-Secretary (Department of Health and Social Care)
On 7 April 2025, the Prime Minister announced that the Government and the Wellcome Trust will invest up to £600 million to create a new Health Data Research Service, co-designed through engagement with the public and patients, data users, and stakeholder organisations. This service will bring new treatments and cures to patients by safely enabling the use of patient data to super-charge research, attracting investment and making the United Kingdom one of the best places in the world to conduct ground-breaking medical research.
This groundbreaking initiative will deliver significant health benefits to the UK public and patients across the full spectrum of existing health research, including major public health challenges and diseases such as obesity, cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, which we know disproportionately shorten the lives of people in more deprived communities. The service will be designed to support people to get access to clinical trials and outputs from research faster, and the DigiTrials service supports researchers to recruit people to their trials who represent our diverse population.
At the heart of the Health Data Research Service (HDRS) is a national network of Secure Data Environments, built on the existing NHS Research Secure Data Environment Network, which have been developed in lockstep with their local communities, and which cover the whole of England. The HDRS will bring services together to support fast and secure access to data for researchers, but there is no intention to move existing data assets which sit in various organisations across the nation and require expertise to process, gather, and use, and work will continue with communities to ensure that the service continues to develop with patient and public trust at its heart. We will also be closely working with the devolved administrations to ensure this is a UK wide service, and with the relevant charities to ensure that people from all backgrounds are represented.
We are committed to designing the service in close partnership with patients, professionals, and the public to deliver a trusted service, providing safe and secure access to health, social care, and public data, and to ensure that the research enables the improvement of local service provision and preventative health measures. Detailed design work for this will begin once we have a Chief Executive Officer in place.
NHS England and the Department are running a major national engagement programme on data with over 4,000 people across England. The initial findings and recommendations from the public are already informing our approach and will continue to shape the design and governance of the HDRS. This will support everyone, from medical researchers to health charities, to develop evidence-based solutions to major public health challenges.