Question to the Department for Transport:

To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, what assessment he has made of the effect on revenue protection and collection of the introduction of driver-only operation on the Northern Rail and TransPennine Express franchises.

The Department has undertaken a Ticketless Travel survey on both the Northern and the Transpenine Express franchises in order to prepare the specification for each competition which will be published in their respective Invitations to Tender in due course. These results have also been provided to the bidders.