Online Safety Act: Implementation

Alistair Strathern Excerpts

Wednesday 26th February 2025 Westminster Hall

[Alistair Strathern (Hitchin) (Lab)]

It is a pleasure to serve under your chairship, Mr Stringer. I thank the right hon. and learned Member for Kenilworth and Southam (Sir Jeremy Wright) for securing this important debate. His contribution highlighted why he will continue to be an important voice as we go forwards as a Parliament in doing everything we can to keep young people safe online.

For a long time now, Parliament has regulated to keep young people safe from a whole host of harms, which are often tangible and physical. The precautionary principle has been front and centre of our efforts—almost to a fault sometimes, people might argue—to keep young people safe from harms that they simply should not be exposed to. When we look at online harm, however, it is clear that the precautionary principle has not always been there.

There is a range of reasons for that. I hope hon. Members will not mind me highlighting that, for many of us, the online world was not quite such a big presence in our lived experience growing up. Therefore, when it comes to legislating for the online world, the more recent nature of some of the developments means that the evidence base is inherently slightly more limited. We have to be confident in the principled, risk-based approach to acting, and act when we know it is right to do so.

We have to know that more urgent action in this space is the right thing to do. It is impossible not to be moved by the testimony of parents who have gone through some of the most heartbreaking tragedies as a result of our historical inaction, just as it is impossible for me not to be stirred to act when I visit schools and pupils of all ages consistently raise their own fears and concerns about what they are being exposed to online and its impact on them and their mental health.

Other Members have rightly highlighted some of the shortcomings of the Online Safety Act, but, as the right hon. and learned Member for Kenilworth and Southam pointed out, it is important to note the urgency of using the tools available to us now, given our historical inaction. We must ensure that we have the strongest possible implementation of the Act, which means that the strongest possible children’s code from Ofcom will be front and centre.

As other colleagues have highlighted, there is a whole host of ways in which Ofcom has been far too conservative and limited in its interpretation of the powers that Parliament has given it in bringing forward the children’s code, as well as its wider approach to the Act. As 5rights and others have highlighted, the approach of focusing purely on content, rather than on design and features, means that a whole host of harms, which are explicitly called out in the Act, are not affected.

There is nothing more tragic than the story of Molly Rose. The foundation set up in her name is very clear on the role that algorithms, doom spiralling, and young people consistently being pushed towards some of the most harmful content for them at their age played in what happened to her, and to far too many young people right across the country. In section 11(6)(f) of the Act, Parliament very explicitly made it clear that those features should be considered. Ofcom needs to make sure that that is brought forward, and that the code explicitly considers how technology companies can ensure that safety of features and design is considered right across the age range.

Alongside that, Internet Matters and many other groups have been really clear in pointing out that the current approach to age appropriateness—the flattening when it comes to people over and under 18—and the weak guidance on age verification risks not doing justice to Parliament’s very clear steer in section 12 that content and features should be considered from a risk-based perspective right across the age range. Again, that is a clear area where I think Ofcom could and should do a lot more.

As others including the IWF have pointed out, while some consideration of technical feasibility is obviously needed, the carve-out, as currently drafted, risks being an opt-out and a dilution of the ambition of tech companies in stepping up to the plate and making sure they are playing their part in keeping young people safe online.

There is a lot more we will need to do, and I have no doubt that the curriculum review—that is a separate matter—will be important in making sure we are playing our part in empowering young people to feel more confident and safe in these spaces. I am very glad to be doing this work in a Parliament where there are so many strong voices on this issue. Given its urgency, I really do hope that we can make progress between now and the upcoming children’s code to ensure that we are meeting the need of this moment fully.