Draft Government of Wales Act 2006 (Amendment) Order 2021
(Limited Text - Ministerial Extracts only)
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The Chair
Before we begin, I would like to remind Members about social distancing regulations; spaces available to Members are clearly marked. May I also remind colleagues that Mr Speaker has stated that masks should be worn in Committee, except when speaking. Hansard colleagues would be grateful if you could any send any speaking notes to them via email. I call the Minister to move the motion.
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales (David T. C. Davies)
I beg to move,
That the Committee has considered the draft Government of Wales Act 2006 (Amendment) Order 2021.
Diolch yn fawr, Cadeirydd. It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mrs Miller. I am very sorry that the hon. Member for Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney (Gerald Jones) is not here today. I understand the reason why, and I express my deepest condolences to his family, as I will to the hon. Gentleman when I next see him.
The draft order makes changes to the Welsh devolution settlement by amending schedules 7A and 7B to the Government of Wales Act 2006 in the light of the EU exit. That includes removing references that are no longer relevant now that the UK has left the EU, and modifying consenting arrangements in relation to concurrent powers and in relation to the Controller of Plant Variety Rights. The order also corrects some minor errors in both schedules, and I shall take each of those elements in turn.
Hon. Members will be familiar with the need, in the light of our exit from the EU, to amend references to the EU and its institutions as they appear throughout the statute book. A number of such references appear within the list of reservations in schedule 7A to the Government of Wales Act 2006. For example, paragraph 20 of the schedule reserves powers to the UK Parliament to legislate over elections to the European Parliament. Clearly, such a reference is no longer necessary. Although the majority of EU references in the Government of Wales Act 2006 were corrected through the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, it only amended the list of reservations where there was a direct read-across to the devolution settlement for Northern Ireland.
The Government committed to correcting the remaining references in schedule 7A through the order to enable the Senedd to have a direct say over the amendments. I make it clear that our approach to these changes is that they are devolution-neutral. Removing those references will not result in the Senedd gaining any additional powers, nor will it take away any of their current powers.
As well as making corrections to the schedule that are necessary as a result of EU exit, we are also taking the opportunity presented by the order to rectify a small number of minor errors in schedules 7A and 7B, which had come to light since the Wales Act 2017 gained Royal Assent. Those errors that have affected the competence of the Senedd and their correction will, similarly, be devolution-neutral.
I now turn to matters related to the consent requirements in schedule 7B to the Government of Wales Act 2006. Paragraph 11 of the schedule prevents the Senedd from modifying or removing functions of a Minister of the Crown that relate to a qualified devolved function without the UK Government’s consent. A qualified devolved function is defined as one conferred on the First Minister, Welsh Ministers, or the Counsel General and is to any extent exercisable concurrently, or jointly, with the Minister of the Crown, or only with the consent of, or following consultation with, the Minister of the Crown. The need for UK Government consent was put in place to protect the concurrent and joint functions that are set out in schedule 3A to the Government of Wales Act 2006.
EU exit has, however, necessitated hundreds of new concurrent functions being established through statutory instruments made under the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018. That approach was taken for expediency and to allow for UK-wide approaches to be implemented in a number of areas where powers have returned from the EU. Those functions are wholly in devolved areas, and the vast majority relate to matters that are the responsibility of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and the Department of Health and Social Care.
For example, The Environment (Legislative Functions from Directives) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 include powers for the appropriate authority to update retained EU law in respect of the limitation of admissions of certain pollutants in the light of scientific and technical progress, and The Nutrition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 provide regulation-making powers to set the minimum and maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals that may be present within food supplements.
Concurrent functions in devolved areas have similarly been established in the UK Government’s programme of primary legislation. The Welsh Government have raised concerns over the Senedd’s ability to break those concurrent arrangements in future, in the light of the restrictions I have already outlined. The UK Government agree that in those circumstances the consent arrangements are not appropriate.
The order therefore provides that the consent requirements do not apply where the Senedd seek to remove, or confer a power to remove, a function of a Minister of the Crown that is exercisable concurrently with Welsh Ministers and is established through one of the enactments specified in the order. The specified enactments are: statutory instruments made under sections 8 to 8C of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018; the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 or in regulations made under it; the Direct Payments to Farmers (Legislative Continuity) Act 2020; the Coronavirus Act 2020; the Fisheries Act 2020; the Agriculture Act 2020; and the Act of Parliament that will result from the Trade Bill.
I should make it clear that this carve-out only applies where the Senedd seek to remove the function of a Minister of the Crown and therefore break the concurrency. It will not apply to any wider modifications that the Senedd may wish to legislate for.
Also, in respect of the Fisheries Act 2020, this carve-out from the consent requirement does not apply to the removal of a Minister of the Crown function to regulate British fishing boats, excluding Welsh fishing boats, in Welsh waters. That is consistent with the protections for the Secretary of State’s wider concurrent functions to regulate fishing boats of a devolved Administration outside that Administration’s waters. DEFRA has committed to carrying out a review of concurrent fisheries functions to consider whether those arrangements are still appropriate.
Many of the concurrent functions that have been established through the specified enactments provide that the relevant Secretary of State can only exercise them with the consent of the Welsh Ministers. A number also require the Welsh Ministers to consult or seek consent of a Minister of the Crown before exercising them.
Restrictions in paragraph 8(1)(c) of schedule 7B provide that the Senedd cannot confer, impose, modify or remove functions specifically exercisable in relation to a reserved authority without the consent of the UK Government. The ability of Welsh Ministers to give consent to the Secretary of State, as well as requirements to consult or seek the consent of a Minister of the Crown, constitute a function in relation to a reserved authority. As a result, the order also provides that the restrictions do not apply when the Senedd seek to remove a concurrent function of a Minister of the Crown established through the specified enactments.
The Government believe that it is appropriate that the relevant Minister is informed of plans to remove their functions. As such, under the provisions of the order, the Welsh Government must consult the relevant UK Government Minister before a Senedd Bill can remove such a function.
The order also makes changes to the consent arrangements in relation to the Controller of Plant Variety Rights. As we all know, that is the UK body responsible for administering UK plant breeders’ rights. Intellectual property as it relates to plant varieties is a devolved matter. However, as that body operates on a UK-wide basis and therefore undertakes functions for England, Scotland and Northern Ireland which are outside the Senedd’s competence, it is classed as a reserved authority under the Welsh devolution settlement.
As I have already noted, schedule 7B to the Government of Wales Act 2006 places restrictions on the Senedd’s ability to impose, modify or remove functions of reserved authorities without the consent of the UK Government. However, there are a small number of reserved authorities that are carved out of the consent requirements, because they exercise a mix of devolved and reserved functions. These include the Electoral Commission and the Food Standards Agency. In the light of the devolution boundary in this area, it is appropriate that the Senedd are able to modify the devolved functions of the Controller of Plant Variety Rights without needing the consent of a UK Government Minister. Therefore, the order adds the controller to the list of mixed-function authorities.
The order is the result of significant positive engagement between both Governments and it has been laid before the Senedd for their approval.
David T. C. Davies
I have tried to take note of the five or six questions, two of which are similar. First, I believe the Environment Bill will need to have similar amendments made to it. I believe the Trade Bill is covered by this order, so it will not require amendments.
I have not been approached by anyone in the Welsh Government about further corrections, but it would be foolish of me to say that they will not be needed, and no further corrections will be found. All I can offer is a commitment that I would expect and assume that as and when further corrections or inconsistencies come to light—emerge is the word used by officials—or emerge, I am sure the Government will share the same commitment to wanting to change them as they have shown today. I think that answers the questions.
The order makes a number of amendments to schedules 7A and 7B to the Government of Wales Act 2006. It will enable the Senedd to remove concurrent powers, established in specific enactments without needing the agreement of the UK Government. In doing so, it directly deals with the concerns raised by the Welsh Government. It clarifies schedules by removing references that are no longer relevant following EU exit and provides for a number of corrections where necessary.
In answer to the final point made by the hon. Member for Cardiff South and Penarth, with whom I have worked for many years and respect greatly, I do not know whether to entirely agree or disagree with him about the grown-up arrangement between the two Governments. I wish that people who sometimes see the arguing between the UK Government and Welsh Government would come to rooms like this and see what goes on behind the scenes. Too often, we hear about what has gone on in the Chamber and the heat sometimes generated there, when the reality of our partnership and working together can be demonstrated in situations such as we have had this afternoon.
I genuinely say to the hon. Gentleman that the Secretary of State for Wales and I do want a grown-up relationship with the Welsh Government. It has not always been as good as it could have been. Dare I suggest in this Committee that perhaps the fault has not always lain on our side? We desperately want to have that relationship with the Welsh Government. I welcome any support he can give to that or any encouragement that he can give to our friends in Cardiff Bay on that point.
I welcome the productive work that has taken place between our two Governments in preparation for this order and I commend it to the Committee.
Question put and agreed to.